Among thousands, 10 programming languages stand out for their job marketability and wide use. If you're looking to boost your career or learn something new, start here.

Knowing a handful of programming languages is seen by many as a harbor in a job market storm, solid skills that will be marketable as long as the languages are.
Yet, there is beauty in numbers. While there may be developers who have had riches heaped on them by knowing the right programming language at the right time in the right place, most longtime coders will tell you that periodically learning a new language is an essential part of being a good and successful Web developer.
"One of my mentors once told me that a programming language is just a programming language. It doesnt matter if youre a good programmer, its the syntax that matters," Tim Huckaby, CEO of San Diego-based software engineering company CEO Interknowlogy.com, told eWEEK.
However, Huckaby said that while his company is "swimming" in work, hes having a nearly impossible time finding recruits, even on the entry level, that know specific programming languages.


"Were hiring like crazy, but were not having an easy time. Were just looking for attitude and aptitude, kids right out of school that know .Net, or even Java, because with that we can train them on .Net," said Huckaby.

"Dont get fixated on one or two languages. When I started in 1969, FORTRAN, COBOL and S/360 Assembler were the big tickets. Today, Java, C and Visual Basic are. In 10 years time, some new set of languages will be the in thing. …At last count, I knew/have learned over 24 different languages in over 30 years," Wayne Duqaine, director of Software Development at Grandview Systems, of Sebastopol, Calif., told eWEEK.
By picking the brains of Web developers and IT recruiters, eWEEK selected 10 programming languages that are a bonus for developers to add to their resumes. Even better, theyre great jumping-off points, with loads of job opportunities for younger recruits.
1. PHP

What it is: An open-source, interpretive, server-side, cross-platform, HTML scripting language, especially well-suited for Web development as it can be embedded into HTML pages.

Why you should learn it: Its particularly widely used. "High-speed scripting with caching, augmented with compiled code plug-ins (such as can be done with Perl and PHP) is where the future is. Building Web apps from scratch using C or COBOL is going the way of the dinosaur," said Duquaine.

Job availabilities: 1,152*

2. C#

What it is: A general-purpose, compiled, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft as part of its .NET initiative, it evolved from C and C++

Why you should learn it: Its an essential part of the .Net framework. "Learning C#, which is just Java with a different name plate, is critical if you heavily use Microsoft," said Duquaine.

Job availabilities: 5,111

3. AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)

What it is: Though technically not a programming language, AJAX uses XHTML or HTML, JavaScript and XML to create interactive Web applications.

Why you should learn it: Ever since Google Maps put AJAX, well, on the map, the requests for AJAX-knowledgeable pros went through the roof. "The demand for AJAX knowledge is huge because its so damned hard to learn," said Huckaby. Of note, Microsoft announced recently plans to release a tool named Atlas that will make AJAX easier to implement. "If Microsofts Atlas tool is successful, it would bring the extreme complexity and annoyance of AJAX to the average worker," said Huckaby.

Job availabilities : 1,106

4. JavaScript

Most of this books have colored pages

Professional Visual Studio 2008 Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 is the latest version in the ongoing evolution of the Integrated Development Environment (IDE), and this resource examines the diverse facets of the IDE?from common tasks to intricate functions to the powerful tools that accompany the main code editing and design windows Written by a unique author duo and offering an in-depth look at the powerful and fascinating features and techniques of the IDE, this book explores each aspect of the development life cycle from the perspective of how Visual Studio 2008 can make your life easier

Professional Enterprise .NET (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Comprehensive coverage to help experienced NET developers create flexible, extensible enterprise application code If you're an experienced Microsoft NET developer, you'll find in this book a road map to the latest enterprise development methodologies

Professional SharePoint 2007 Records Management Development: Managing Official Records with Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Unique guide to records management methodologies for Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 There may be books available on how to develop solutions for Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007, but this is the first book to provide step-by-step guidance for designing and building records management solutions on the SharePoint platform You'll learn the five core services of any records management system-confidentiality, information integrity, high availability, adherence to policy, and audit ability-then explore the tools and techniques needed to implement them in SharePoint The book helps you understand official records in the context of day-to-day collaboration and regulatory compliance; you'll also learn how to design extensible Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) components with records management as the central focus

Cloud Computing with the Windows Azure Platform (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Leverage the power of the Azure Services Platform for cloud computing With the Azure Services Platform, processing and storing data moves from individual corporate servers and Web sites to larger, more reliable, and more secure data centers Roger Jennings, author of more than 30 books on Microsoft technologies, shows you how to leverage the power of Azure and its related services for cloud computing The book begins with a look at the differences between cloud computing and application hosting and examines the various issues that

Professional XMPP Programming with JavaScript and jQuery (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Create real-time, highly interactive apps quickly with the powerful XMPP protocol XMPP is a robust protocol used for a wide range of applications, including instant messaging, multi-user chat, voice and video conferencing, collaborative spaces, real-time gaming, data synchronization, and search This book teaches you how to harness the power of XMPP in your own apps and presents you with all the tools you need to build the next generation of apps using XMPP or add new features to your current apps Featuring the JavaScript language throughout and making use of the jQuery library, the book contains several XMPP apps of increasing complexity that serve as ideal learning tools

Beginning HTML, XHTML, CSS, and JavaScript (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

An indispensable introductory guide to creating web pages using the most up-to-date standards This beginner guide shows you how to use XHTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create compelling Web sites While learning these technologies, you will discover coding practices such as writing code that works on multiple browsers including mobile devices, how to use AJAX frameworks to add interactivity to your pages, and how to ensure your pages meet accessible requirements Packed with real-world examples, the book not only teaches you how to write Web sites using XHTML, CSS and JavaScript, but it also teaches you design principles that help you create attractive web sites and practical advice on how to make web pages more usable

Safari and WebKit Development for iPhone OS 3.0 (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

The must-have reference for building and optimizing Web applications for Safari on iPhone 3 0 The iPhone offers a compelling Web-based application development platform revolving around its built-in browser, Safari, which is built upon the open source WebKit framework This must-have book serves as a hands-on guide to developing iPhone and iPod touch Web applications

Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Integration Services: Problem, Design, Solution (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

An authoritative guide to designing effective solutions for data cleansing, ETL, and file management with SQL Server 2008 Integration Services SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) is the leading tool in the data warehouse industry, used for performing extraction, transformation, and load operations After an overview of SSIS architecture, the authors walk you a series of real-world problems and show various techniques for handling them Shows you how to design SSIS solutions for data cleansing, ETL and file management Demonstrates how to integrate data from a variety of data sources, Shows how to monitor SSIS performance, Demonstrates how to avoid common pitfalls involved with SSIS deployment Explains how to ensure performance of the deployed solution and effectively handle unexpected system failures and outages The companion Web site provides sample code and database scripts that readers can directly implement This book shows you how to design, build, deploy, and manage solutions to real-world problems that SSIS administrators and developers face day-to-day

Beginning iPhone SDK Programming with Objective-C (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Everything you need to know to start creating native applications for the iPhone and iPod Touch The iPhone SDK and the Xcode tools are the official Apple tools used for creating native iPhone applications This information-packed book presents a complete introduction to the iPhone SDK and the Xcode tools, as well as the Objective-C language that is necessary to create these native applications Solid coverage and real-world examples walk you through the process for developing mobile applications for the iPhone that can then be distributed through Apple's iTunes Application store

Professional DevExpress ASP.NET Controls (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Learn to use Devexpress ASP NET controls, and get $250 worth of controls included with the book Devexpress is a leading supplier of ASP NET controls - the addins used in ASP

Professional Cairngorm (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Take advantage of Cairngorm, one of the leading Flex frameworks for building Rich Internet Applications (RIA) Cairngorm is a framework that encourages best practices for RIA development It is the most popular and widely deployed Flex framework, yet very few books provide the depth and detail necessary to thoroughly understand and utilize it This helpful resource fills that void by going beyond the basics of Cairngorm and showing you the details behind its design

Testing ASP.NET Web Applications (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

A unique resource that combines all aspects of Web testing and makes it completely specific to ASP NET As Microsoft's key Web technology for creating dynamic, data-driven Web sites and Web applications, ASP NET is incredibly popular

Professional Oracle WebLogic Server (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Authoritative guide to Oracle WebLogic Server-from Oracle insiders If you're an experienced Java developer who wants to expand your skills, Professional Oracle WebLogic Server is the perfect guide for you This book is written by a top-notch author team that that includes one of the lead architects from Oracle?s Fusion Middleware Development Architects team

Professional Ubuntu Mobile Development (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Ubuntu Mobile is quickly being adopted by mobile device manufacturers and provides Web browsing, e-mail, media, camera, VoIP, instant messaging, GPS, blogging, digital TV, games, contacts, dates/calendar, and simple software updates on every mobile device As the first book on Ubuntu Mobile, this resource is authored by one of the top experts for Ubuntu Mobile who shows how to implement solutions for original equipment manufacturers and independent software vendors wishing to go to market using Ubuntu Mobile The material also covers setting up Linux for mobile application development, the difference between developing on a mobile Internet device and a regular desktop environment, step-by-step tutorials, and much more

Beginning Python: Using Python 2.6 and Python 3.1 (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Beginning Python: Using Python 2 6 and Python 3 1 introduces this open source, portable, interpreted, object-oriented programming language that combines remarkable power with clear syntax

Beginning PHP 5.3 (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Serving as a complete introduction to PHP 5 3, this book walks you through all the major concepts of PHP in a way that?s easy to follow, with plenty of code snippets illustrating each concept to aid learning

ASP.NET 3.5 Website Programming: Problem - Design - Solution (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

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Professional Android 2 Application Development (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Build unique mobile applications with the latest Android SDK Written by an Android authority, this up-to-date resource shows you how to leverage the features of Android 2 to enhance existing products or create innovative new ones Serving as a hands-on guide to building mobile apps using Android, the book walks you through a series of sample projects that introduces you to Android's new features and techniques Using the explanations and examples included in these pages, you'll acquire the foundation needed to write compelling mobile applications that use Android, along with the flexibility to quickly adapt to future enhancements

Visual Basic 2010 Programmer\'s Reference (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Visual Basic expert Rod Stephens shows you how to leverage the latest features of VB 2010 Microsoft Visual Basic (VB) is the most popular programming language in the world, with millions of lines of code used in businesses and applications of all types and sizes The new release of Visual Basic 2010 is tightly integrated with the Windows operating system and the NET programming environment

Professional Xcode 3 (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

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Professional BlazeDS: Creating Rich Internet Applications with Flex and Java (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

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Professional JavaScript Frameworks: Prototype,YUI, ExtJS, Dojo and MooTools (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

As the industry-standard, must-know scripting language, JavaScript is supported by all major browsers and is increasingly the foundation of new web development technologies such as Ajax and JSON This book offers a selection of some of the most active and most used JavaScript frameworks available, replete with practical examples and explanations of what each framework does best You?

Beginning Drupal (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

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Beginning Visual C# 2010 (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

Update to Wrox's leading C# book for beginners Get ready for the next release of Microsoft's C# programming language with this essential Wrox beginner's guide Beginning Microsoft Visual C# 2010 starts with the basics and brings you thoroughly up to speed You'll first cover the fundamentals such as variables, flow control, and object-oriented programming and gradually build your skills for Web and Windows programming, Windows forms, and data access

Joomla! Start to Finish: How to Plan, Execute, and Maintain Your Web Site (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

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Ivor Horton\'s Beginning Visual C++ 2010 (Wrox Programmer to Programmer)

The leading author of programming tutorials for beginners introduces you to Visual C++ 2010 Ivor Horton is the preeminent author of introductory programming language tutorials; previous editions of his Beginning Visual C++ have sold nearly 100,000 copies This book is a comprehensive introduction to both the Standard C++ language and to Visual C++ 2010; no previous programming experience is required All aspects of the 2010 release are covered, including changes to the language and the C++ standard,, Microsoft Visual C++ is one of the most popular C++ development environments and compilers, used by hundreds of thousands of developers Ivor Horton's approach to programming tutorials has achieved a huge following; this book gives beginning programmers a comprehensive introduction to both Standard C++ and Visual C++ 2010 Covers all the language changes in Visual C++ 2010, library additions, new MFC features, changes in the Visual Studio development environment, and more Also includes a brief introduction to programming for multicore processors in native C++ and C++/CLR processors Nearly 100,000 copies of this book have been sold in previous editions Beginners seeking a complete education in Visual C++ will find everything they need in Ivor Horton'sBeginning Visual C++ 2010

What is a Design Pattern?


Design Pattern is a re-usable, high quality solution to a given requirement, task or recurring problem. Further, it does not comprise of a complete solution that may be instantly converted to a code component, rather it provides a framework for how to solve a problem.


In 1994, the release of the book Design Patterns, Elements of Reusable Object Oriented Software made design patterns popular.


Because design patterns consist of proven reusable architectural concepts, they are reliable and they speed up software development process.


Design Patterns are in a continious phase of evolution, which means that they keep on getting better & better as they are tested against time, reliability and subjected to continious improvements. Further, design patterns have evolved towards targeting specific domains. For example, windows-based banking applications are usually based on singleton patterns, e-commerce web applications are based on the MVC (Model-View-Controller) pattern.




Design Patterns are categorized into 3 types:
Creational Patterns
Structural Patterns
Behavioral Patterns


What are Creational Design Patterns?


The Creational Design Patterns focus on how objects are created and utilized in an application. They tackle the aspects of when and how objects are created, keeping in mind whats the best way these objects should be created.


Listed below are some of the commonly known Creational Design Patterns:

•  Abstract Factory Pattern
•  Factory Pattern
•  Builder Pattern
•  Lazy Pattern
• Prototype Pattern
• Singleton Pattern

Whats the difference between Abstract Factory Pattern and Factory Pattern?


In an abstract factory design, a framework is provided for creating sub-components that inherit from a common component. In .NET, this is achieved by creating classes that implement a common interface or a set of interfaces, where the interface comprises of the generic method declarations that are passed on to the sub-components. TNote that not just interfaces, but even abstract classes can provide the platform of creating an application based on the abstract factory pattern.
Example, say a class called CentralGovernmentRules is the abstract factory class, comprised of methods like ShouldHavePolice() and ShouldHaveCourts(). There may be several sub-classes like State1Rules, State2Rules etc. created that inheriting the class CentralGovernmentRules, and thus deriving its methods as well.


Note that the term "Factory" refers to the location in the code where the code is created.


A Factory Pattern is again an Object creation pattern. Here objects are created without knowing the class of the object. Sounds strange? Well, actually this means that the object is created by a method of the class, and not by the class's constructor. So basically the Factory Pattern is used wherever sub classes are given the priviledge of instantiating a method that can create an object.


Describe the Builder Design Pattern


In a builder design pattern, an object creation process is separated from the object design construct. This is useful becuase the same method that deals with construction of the object, can be used to construct different design constructs.


What is the Lazy Design Pattern?


The approach of the Lazy Design Pattern is not to create objects until a specific requirement matches, and when it matches, object creation is triggered. A simple example of this pattern is a Job Portal application. Say you register yourself in that site thus filling up the registration table, only when the registration table is filled, the other objects are created and invoked, that prompt you to fill in other details too, which will be saved in other tables.

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